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A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice law." Law is a theoretical and abstract discipline. Working as a lawyer represents the practical application of legal theory and knowledge to solve real problems or to advance the interests of those who retain (i.e., hire) lawyers for legal services.
The role of the lawyer varies significantly across legal jurisdictions, and therefore can be treated here in only the most general terms. More information is available in country-specific articles.

In practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their sovereign right to determine who is a lawyer; as a result, the meaning of the term "lawyer" may vary from place to place.

* In Australia, the word "lawyer" is used to refer to both barristers and solicitors (whether in private practice or practising as corporate in-house counsel) but not people who do not practice the law.
* In Britain, "lawyer" is used loosely to refer to a broad variety of law-trained persons. It includes practitioners such as barristers, solicitors, and legal executives; and people who are involved with the law but do not practice it on behalf of individual clients, such as judges, law clerks, and legislators.
* In Canada, the word "lawyer" only refers to individuals who have been called to the bar or have qualified as civil law notaries in the province of Quebec. Common law lawyers in Canada may also be known as "barristers and solicitors", but should not be referred to as "attorneys", since that term has a different meaning in Canadian usage. However, in Quebec, civil law advocates (or avocats in French) often call themselves "attorney" and sometimes "barrister and solicitor". Notably, civil law notaries are entitled by provincial statute to style themselves "title attorney".[citation needed]
* In the United States of America, the term generally refers to attorneys who may practice law.
* Other nations tend to have comparable terms for the analogous concept. A lawyer is a person licensed by the state to advise clients in legal matters and represent them in courts of law (and in other forms of dispute resolution). Most countries today require professional law advisors in their judicial systems. Lawyers have many names in different countries—including "advocate", "attorney", "barrister", "counsellor", "civil law notary" and "solicitor"—and many of these names indicate specific classes or ranks of jurists. ... a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice from Latin advoco - invite - provides clients with their interest protection in different instances. He/she assists in protection of human rights and interests, makes legal consultations, represents citizen interests in the court, and stands as a defence attorney during criminal case investigation in the court. . lawyerlawyer - a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice attorney jurisprudence, law - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" counsel, counselor-at-law, pleader, advocate, counsellor, counselor - a lawyer who pleads cases in court ambulance chaser - a lawyer who incites accident victims to sue barrister - a British lawyer who speaks in the higher courts of law conveyancer - a lawyer who specializes in the business of conveying properties defense attorney, defense lawyer - the lawyer representing the defendant divorce lawyer - a lawyer specializing in actions for divorce or annulment professional, professional person - a person engaged in one of the learned professions prosecuting attorney, prosecuting officer, prosecutor, public prosecutor - a government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state public defender - a lawyer who represents indigent defendants at public expense referee - an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case solicitor - a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents trial attorney, trial lawyer - a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-Roshd, Averroes, ibn-Roshd - Arabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198) Bryan, The Boy Orator of the Platte, the Great Commoner, William Jennings Bryan - United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925) Clarence Darrow, Clarence Seward Darrow, Darrow - United States lawyer famous for his defense of lost causes (1857-1938) Arthur Garfield Hays, Hays - United States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954) Hays, Will Hays, William Harrison Hays - United States lawyer and politician who formulated a production code that prescribed the moral content of United states films from 1930 to 1966 (1879-1954) J. Edgar Hoover, John Edgar Hoover, Hoover - United States lawyer who was director of the FBI for 48 years (1895-1972) Francis Scott Key, Key - United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812; the poem was later set to music and entitled `The Star-Spangled Banner' (1779-1843) Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln, President Abraham Lincoln, President Lincoln - 16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865) attorney-client relation, lawyer-client relation - the responsibility of a lawyer to act in the best interests of the client Criminal Attorneys need to be experienced trial lawyers giving their clients keen insight into all aspects of any criminal litigation and assisting them in making the right choices for a successful defense of the crimes they are accused of. Top care must go into the preparing of the defendant’s defenses in the pre-trial phase of any case with special emphasis on all discovery material handed over by the prosecutor and evaluations of any post arrest statements made by the accused and witnesses. If you've been accused or arrested, you cannot afford second-best representation. Choose from one of our certified criminal defense attorneys listed on this site for the best possible aggressive and highly-creative defense strategies to protect your rights. A lawyer or attorney at law is an individual licensed by the state to advise clients in legal matters and represent them in courts of law and other legal agencies. Most countries today require professional law advisors in their juridical systems. Lawyers have many names in different countries -- including "advocate," "attorney," "barrister," "counselor," "civil law notary", and "solicitor" -- and many of these names indicate specific classes or ranks of jurists. In criminal cases attorneys defend clients accused of a crime. Criminal Attorneys need to be experienced trial lawyers giving their clients keen insight into all aspects of any criminal litigation and assisting them in making the right choices for a successful defense of their felony case. Top care must go into the preparing of the defendant’s defenses in the pre-trial phase of any case with special emphasis on all discovery material handed over by the prosecutor and evaluations of any post arrest statements made by the accused and witnesses. If you've been accused or arrested, you cannot afford second-best representation. Choose from our list of certified criminal defense attorneys here. Increasingly, in the United States in particular, lawyers have taken over functions that used to be (and in some countries, still are) performed by other professionals, such as the civil law notary or even by non-professionals. The role of the lawyer can vary, in some countries, this person is often required to lead or manage criminal investigations. In the UK this task is the responsibility of the police forces. Colloquially, in the United States, lawyers are called attorneys. In fact, almost anyone can be an attorney; (see for example attorney-in-fact) strictly speaking, an attorney is similar to an agent, a person who has been formally empowered by someone else (a "principal") to act on behalf of the principal. Lawyers are "attorneys at law," authorised to plead cases on behalf of their clients. What constitutes the practice of law? A person who has a Juris Doctor (or LL.B.)but is not admitted to any bar is not a lawyer. However, federal courts often allow law students to act as "certified student attorneys" after the satisfactory completion of their first year of law school and the completion of particular second- and third-year courses such as Evidence. In systems that follow the English practice a person who has completed the course of study but is not yet admitted to the bar may practice under supervision in Articles of Clerkship usually called an Articling student. Otherwise, engaging in the kind of work customarily done by lawyers, without a valid, current license to do so, is the "unauthorized practice of law." In some jurisdictions, the definition of the practice of law is quite strict; persons have been successfully prosecuted for publishing do-it-yourself will forms and for representing special-education children in federal proceedings as specifically allowed by federal law.